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February 12, 2012

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SUN EDITORIAL:

An alarming picture

Data show sizable increase in use of antipsychotic drugs for young children

Saturday, Sept. 4, 2010 | 2:01 a.m.

The New York Times on Thursday reported on the disturbing increase in young children being prescribed antipsychotic drugs. Some statistics stood out:

• The Food and Drug Administration, according to a 2009 study, found that more than half a million children and adolescents in this country are taking antipsychotic drugs.

• A study by Columbia University reported a doubling of antipsychotic drugs prescribed for 2- to 5-year-olds from 2000 to 2007 (those covered by private insurance). And, contrary to American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry standards, just 40 percent of these patients had received a proper mental health assessment.

Dr. Mark Olfson, a professor of child psychiatry and the top researcher in the government-funded study by Columbia University, summed up the troubling findings when he said: “There are too many children getting on too many of these drugs too soon.”

The Times illustrated this problem by telling the story of Kyle Warren of Louisiana. As early as 18 months old, he was taking a daily antipsychotic drug in response to his severe temper tantrums. Eventually, this progressed to more drugs as diagnoses were made by doctors — autism, bipolar disorder, hyperactivity, insomnia and oppositional defiant disorder. As the Times reported, by the time he was 3 his “daily pill regimen multiplied: the antipsychotic Risperdal, the antidepressant Prozac, two sleeping medicines and one for attention-deficit disorder.”

His mother, Brandy Warren, said she was at “wit’s end” before agreeing to the medication. The young boy suffered from the medications’ side effects — he was sedated, drooling and overweight. “All I had was a medicated little boy,” she told the Times. “I didn’t have my son. It’s like, you’d look into his eyes and you would see just blankness.”

Ultimately his mother took him to a Tulane University medical school professor. Dr. Charles Zeanah didn’t believe the diagnosis that Kyle had bipolar disorder and disagreed with the treatment. “I have never seen a preschool child with bipolar disorder in 30 years as a child psychiatrist specializing in early childhood mental health,” Zeanah said.

After Zeanah came into the picture, Kyle was entered into a therapy program for low-income families set up by child psychiatrists at Tulane, Louisiana State University and the state. He was weaned off most medications, so he now takes just one drug, for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

So how is Kyle doing now at 6 years old?

According to the Times, he is a month into first grade and is receiving high scores, and he laughs and is rambunctious like other boys his age.

There are myriad reasons why children have been given unnecessary drugs. To begin with, it is much less expensive to give medication to children than to provide family counseling. Additionally, drug companies have been aggressive in their marketing of these and other drugs, which too many doctors are willing to prescribe. Parents often are desperate, looking for anything that can help their children.

None of this is to say that prescription drugs aren’t beneficial in treating attention-deficit disorders. Indeed, therapy alone or a combination of therapy and medication can make an incredible, positive difference — that is, if the doctor’s diagnosis is correct. But what also is clear from the Times’ informative report is that there is an alarming use of antipsychotic drugs in young children, and that is an issue the medical community must address.

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